|
Training for Book Authors
|
|
|
Other Resources for Book Authors & Publishers
|
|
|
Please Support Our Advertisers
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tattoo Inks Are An Unknown Quantity
Copyright (c) 2009-2023 Dexter Alto
Tattoo ink manufacturers are not required by law to list their ingredients. Many tattoo artists mix their own formulas and consider their mixtures "trade secrets". These tattoo inks are actually pigments suspended in a variety of carrier solutions. Some are made from ABS plastic for the vibrancy of the colors, some are vegetable dyes, but the vast majority are made from metal salts. The main concern with the pigments is what is in them besides the carrier solutions and the dyes.
Tattoo shops that do not adhere to strict safety precautions may be exposing their customers to a wide variety of infections as the artist dips the needle in an infected person and then back into the ink container, then into a new customer's skin. Fortunately most shops are aware of these dangers and take all precautions established by local and state health departments.
Pigment Toxicity
Some pigments can cause an allergic reaction between the ink and skin. If available, look at a MSDS sheet to determine what the possible reactions might be. The reactions can result in photo sensitivity of the tattoo to natural and artificial light or even scarring. The glow in the dark inks, or those that react to black light, can be harmless, radioactive or toxic. The ABS plastic based pigments can prove very difficult to remove should the client choose to have the tattoo removed at a later date. Most inks pose no threat or visible reaction to the skin, but the lack of regulations make some inks risky, be sure to use a reputable artist who will not mind explaining the components of the ink used in your tattoo.
Pigment Carriers
The job of the carrier is to keep the pigment from clumping and in a fluid consistency, inhibit contamination and ease the injection of the ink into the skin. The safest and most common carriers are ethyl alcohol, glycerin, purified water, propylene glycol, witch hazel, and listerine. In the "old days" it was not uncommon to use various forms of alcohol, usually denatured, and other toxic liquids, chemicals or contaminated water.
Tattoo Pigment Being Injected into the Dermis:
BLACK: made of iron oxides, carbon, or logwood. "Natural black pigment is made from magnetite crystals, powdered jet, wustite, bone black,and amorphous carbon from combustion (soot). Black pigment is commonly made into India ink. Logwood is a heartwood extract from Haematoxylon campechisnum, found in Central America and the West Indies."
BROWNS, FLESHTONES: made of ochre. "Ochre is composed of iron (ferric) oxides mixed with clay. Raw ochre is yellowish. When dehydrated through heating, ochre changes to a reddish color."
RED: made of cinnabar, cadmium red, iron oxide, or napthol. "Iron oxide is also known as common rust. Cinnabar and cadmium pigments are highly toxic. Napthol reds are synthesized from Naptha. Fewer reactions have been reported with naphthol red than the other pigments, but all reds carry risks of allergic or other reactions."
ORANGE: made of disazodiarylide, disazopyrazolone, or cadmium seleno-sulfide. "The organics are formed from the condensation of 2 monoazo pigment molecules. They are large molecules with good thermal stability and colorfastness."
YELLOW: made of cadmium yellow, ochres, curcuma yellow, chrome yellow, or disazodiarylide. "Curcuma is derived from plants of the ginger family; aka tumeric or curcurmin. Reactions are commonly associated with yellow pigments, in part because more pigment is needed to achieve a bright color."
GREEN: made of chromium oxide ("Casalis Green" or "Anadomis Green"), Malachite, Ferrocyanides, Ferricyanides, Lead chromate, Monoazo pigment, Cu/Al phthalocyanine, or Cu phthalocyanine. "The greens often include admixtures, such as potassium ferrocyanide (yellow or red) and ferric ferrocyanide (Prussian Blue)."
BLUE: made of azure blue, cobalt blue, or Cu-phtalocyanine. "Blue pigments from minerals include copper (II) carbonate (azurite), sodium aluminum silicate (lapis lazuli), calcium copper silicate (Egyptian Blue), other cobalt aluminum oxides and chromium oxides. The safest blues and greens are copper salts, such as copper pthalocyanine. Copper pthalocyanine pigments have FDA approval for use in infant furniture and toys and contact lenses. The copper-based pigments are considerably safer or more stable than cobalt or ultramarine pigments."
VIOLET: made of manganese violet (manganese ammonium pyrophosphate), quinacridone, dioxazine/carbazole, and various aluminum salts. "Some of the purples, especially the bright magentas, are photoreactive and lose their color after prolonged exposure to light. Dioxazine and carbazole result in the most stable purple pigments."
WHITE: made of lead white (lead carbonate), titanium dioxide, barium sulfate, or zinc oxide.
"Some white pigments are derived from anatase or rutile. White pigment may be used alone or to dilute the intensity of other pigments. Titanium oxides are one of the least reactive white pigments."
Tattoo Science
Electric tattoo guns create thousands of puncture wounds in the skin so that the tattoo pigment can be injected to form the tattoo. The ink particles are effectively trapped by a network of connective tissue in the fibroblasts, a type of cell found in connective tissue that produces fibers such as collagen. It is not known for sure, but fibroblasts may last the lifespan of the individual receiving the tattoo.
This entire process causes damage to the epidermis and the dermis and become blended together as a result of the pulverization of the junction of the two layers. The body responds by bleeding up through the skin as a result of the severed capillaries. The immune system responds by swelling to shut down the blood flow. The immune response cells then begin cleaning up by flushing the ink through the lymph system. At first the ink is dispersed in the upper areas of the skin, but within 1 to 2 weeks it gathers into a more concentrated area as new tissue begins to form around the ink and traps it in the dermal fibroblasts. After a month the two layers of skin have reformed to trap the ink and within 3 months the tattoo ink is completely surrounded by connective tissue that holds the ink in place, although over time it will begin to subside deeper into the dermis, or second layer of skin.
Final Thought
What all this means is be sure to think long and hard before getting a tattoo. Find out who runs the cleanest shop in the area and make sure the design is something you are willing to live with for the rest of your life.
|
Dexter Alto is a Certified Laser Specialist with an interest in the science of tattoo application and the removal of specific tattoo pigments. Mr. Alto has seen first hand the effectiveness of different tattoo removal methods on a variety of different pigment types. He is a contributor to http://healthyskinassociation.org/
|
VOTE ON THIS ARTICLE
Needs Work >>
0 -
1 -
2 -
3 -
4 -
5
<< Excellent Article
Tell our authors what you think about their article.
|
Top-Level Category: Shopping Articles || Related Categories: Health and Wellness Articles
10 Most Recent Articles Written by Dexter Alto
Most Recent "Shopping" Articles
From Becoming the Perfect Stranger to the Perfect Partner
Written by: Kandice Skaggs |
Distributed: 2013-10-15 |
Word Count: 843 |
Page Views: 5544
| Votes: 14 |
Rating: 1.43
Although we are aware of people who have fostered good
relationships out of online dating, it doesn't happen all
the time. As a matter of fact, most of them fail because of
a slew of reasons. Here are some reminders on how to walk
that ground so you can become just the right partner that
another has been dying to meet.
Choosing Rainwear
Written by: Rathi Niyogi |
Distributed: 2010-11-04 |
Word Count: 741 |
Page Views: 5670
| Votes: 3 |
Rating: 0.67
Rainwear does more than simply keep out rain or snow, it
protects from wind, cold, and chemical splashes. Your choice
of rainwear depends on the expected weather, the expected
temperatures, your planned activities, and your budget.
Rainwear materials and designs greatly affect the
performance you can expect. There are three major types of
rainwear:
Celebrity Perfume Gift Sets Are Always Welcome
Written by: Robert Moore |
Distributed: 2010-08-05 |
Word Count: 736 |
Page Views: 4984
| Votes: 3 |
Rating: 2.00
Perfume is one of the best gifts for your loved ones on
almost every occasion, whether it is Valentine's Day,
Birthday, Wedding Anniversary, or even Christmas Day.
Best Cologne Gift Sets Are A Great Idea For Men
Written by: Robert Moore |
Distributed: 2010-07-29 |
Word Count: 770 |
Page Views: 4945
| Votes: 8 |
Rating: 2.00
Hair, clothing and looks are important, but the right
cologne transforms a man. Giving him the confidence to know
he smells good when approaching beautiful women in a club or
giving a presentation for work. When it comes to fragrances
for men companies now understand that men want to smell good
while attending parties, formal events, the office, on a
date or simply while relaxing at home.
Must-See 2010 Summer Music Festivals
Written by: Ryan Hogan |
Distributed: 2010-04-28 |
Word Count: 885 |
Page Views: 5378
| Votes: 5 |
Rating: 0.60
One of the best things about summer, at least for music
fans, is the plethora of music festivals held all across the
country and all though out the season. These festivals bring
together dozens of great bands usually for more than one day
and usually on more than one stage.
How Does A Blu-ray Disc Work?
Written by: Titus Hoskins |
Distributed: 2010-04-27 |
Word Count: 444 |
Page Views: 6625
| Votes: 9 |
Rating: 0.89
Blu-ray Players are all the rage in home entertainment, but
how exactly does a Blu-ray disc work and why is it so much
better than a regular DVD disc or system? Read this
informative article to discover how a Blu-ray disc works.
Understanding Personal Injury Law and Knowing When You Need a Personal Injury Lawyer
Written by: Keith Stachowiak |
Distributed: 2010-03-10 |
Word Count: 497 |
Page Views: 4357
| Votes: 2 |
Rating: 0.50
When in an accident caused by someone else's carelessness
or deliberate actions, one of the first thoughts that goes
through most people's minds after the panic and relief
subsides, is whether they should seek out a personal injury
lawyer. Before you make this decision, you should know what
personal injury law is, whether you even need a personal
injury lawyer, and when you should choose one.
Tattoos Have Transformed From Mom To Artwork Of The 21st Century
Written by: Bree Levine |
Distributed: 2010-02-25 |
Word Count: 554 |
Page Views: 6274
| Votes: 6 |
Rating: 0.50
You could call it a 21st century art form: people use their
bodies as living displays of what they care about in the
form of pictorial art. Over time, tattoo artists have become
more and more sophisticated, able to create complex and
well-executed designs.
The Best Traditions And Advice For The Tattooing Experience
Written by: Eileen Howerton |
Distributed: 2010-02-24 |
Word Count: 566 |
Page Views: 4686
| Votes: 4 |
Rating: 0.25
The ritual of tattooing and adorning the body with ink and
color has been a tradition for centuries. Tattooing is
definitely not a fad, or a practice reserved to any
particular element of society. It is a tradition that has
been found in all parts of the world, in different sects of
society.
Shopping Online to Save Time and Money
Written by: Janet Davis |
Distributed: 2009-12-31 |
Word Count: 880 |
Page Views: 4664
| Votes: 4 |
Rating: 1.50
There is a certain convenience in shopping from the comfort
of one's own home, a convenience that has been met in the
past through mail-order catalogs, shopping television
channels, and home-delivered grocery services. With the
advent of the Internet and the World Wide Web, this trend
has reached its culmination and most elegant expression yet.
Most Viewed "Shopping" Articles
Pearl Necklace Clasps
Written by: Norma Jones |
Distributed: 2006-08-04 |
Word Count: 1546 |
Page Views: 28934
| Votes: 58 |
Rating: 2.69
The clasp on a strand of pearls is both the frosting and sugar
sprinkles on a cake. In addition to keeping the necklace
fastened, the clasp should also complement you and your pearls.
As your necklace and bracelet are regularly restrung, you can
also update the clasps to meet your changing needs.
Be Prepared - The Pros And Cons of Non-Lethal Self-Defense Weapons
Written by: Brodie Abbot |
Distributed: 2006-11-14 |
Word Count: 938 |
Page Views: 20407
| Votes: 47 |
Rating: 2.26
In today's world, there are many means by which people can
protect themselves. When thinking about self-defense, many people
only consider martial arts or firearms. In truth, these are only
two options from an array of self-defense mechanisms available.
Through increased use in recent years, the advantages and
disadvantages of stun guns, tasers, and pepper spray have become
clear. All three items offer non-lethal means of protection, but
one of them may be more appropriate than the others in a given
situation.
Real and Imitation Pearls
Written by: Norma Jones |
Distributed: 2006-06-22 |
Word Count: 773 |
Page Views: 14704
| Votes: 37 |
Rating: 2.76
We are often asked how to tell if pearls are real or imitation.
To start, we'll need to look at pearl growth and different types
of imitation pearls. Then, we'll look at different pearl tests.
Alberta Angling Tournaments: Spectacular Scenery, Big Purses
Written by: Travel Alberta |
Distributed: 2006-10-30 |
Word Count: 963 |
Page Views: 11500
| Votes: 14 |
Rating: 2.36
Alberta's fishing tournaments pit angler against angler in a
quest for the biggest shimmering walleye and a slice of the
$60,600 (Cdn) in prize money.
Emma Watson Is A Real Sweet Pea
Written by: Wesley Berry, AAF |
Distributed: 2008-02-06 |
Word Count: 424 |
Page Views: 10839
| Votes: 31 |
Rating: 2.16
Harry Potter co-star Emma Watson, who plays super-smart Hermione
Granger, turned sweet sixteen on April 15, 2006. From all
accounts, she's as sweet as any sixteen-year-old can be. So
sweet, in fact, that her birth flower is the sweet pea!
Celebrities And Their Favorite Flower Finds
Written by: Wesley Berry, AAF |
Distributed: 2007-12-19 |
Word Count: 756 |
Page Views: 10635
| Votes: 11 |
Rating: 2.00
While we all have our own choices of favorite flowers, the top
picks for the latest flower trends and bouquets take more than a
trip to the local florist.
How To Choose The Right Mold Testing Firm
Written by: Daryl Watters |
Distributed: 2007-07-05 |
Word Count: 566 |
Page Views: 10537
| Votes: 22 |
Rating: 2.59
You may be ill because of mold in your home or place of
employment, your property value may fall because of mold that
bleach and paint just cannot control. If you have a compromised
immune system mold may even grow in you lungs or other parts of
your body in the form of a systemic fungal infection. However, no
requirements exist for mold inspectors nor mold remediators in
most states. When choosing a mold testing firm be sure that the
professional is familiar with the following.
Bosses Day: 25 Wallet-Friendly Gift Ideas
Written by: Darlene Arechederra |
Distributed: 2006-08-23 |
Word Count: 799 |
Page Views: 10198
| Votes: 8 |
Rating: 2.88
Bosses Day is right around the corner again -- but no need to
panic! You still have plenty of time to find a great gift. The
good news is that finding the perfect gift for your boss doesn't
need to drain your wallet. Read on for some practical and
low-cost gift ideas, including gifts for bosses with special
circumstances.
How To Tell If Your Clothes Are Dirty
Written by: Theresa Bane |
Distributed: 2008-05-28 |
Word Count: 1984 |
Page Views: 9445
| Votes: 20 |
Rating: 3.35
If you are the type of person who wears clothes, like, t-shirts
for example, than this is an article for you. You may not be
aware of it, but your favorite t-shirt that has a clever or funny
saying emblazoned across it's width can actually reach a level
of funk that requires it to be laundered.
Why Sterling Silver Jewelry?
Written by: Robert Vayner |
Distributed: 2007-09-24 |
Word Count: 641 |
Page Views: 8352
| Votes: 6 |
Rating: 3.00
Silver jewelry speaks to your soul. Silver jewelry shines.
Silver is cool, inviting and has been molded into jewelry pieces
for centuries. Sterling silver accentuates your clothing,
especially when worn with black or other dark colors. And best of
all, it's affordable!
Highest Ranked "Shopping" Articles
How To Tell If Your Clothes Are Dirty
Written by: Theresa Bane |
Distributed: 2008-05-28 |
Word Count: 1984 |
Page Views: 9445
| Votes: 20 |
Rating: 3.35
If you are the type of person who wears clothes, like, t-shirts
for example, than this is an article for you. You may not be
aware of it, but your favorite t-shirt that has a clever or funny
saying emblazoned across it's width can actually reach a level
of funk that requires it to be laundered.
Private Label Bottled Water And School Fund Raising
Written by: Marcus Stout |
Distributed: 2007-04-24 |
Word Count: 1130 |
Page Views: 6748
| Votes: 11 |
Rating: 3.18
Like most organizations, schools in the United States are subject
to constant budget stress. Important athletic and scholastic
programs are subject to budget cuts as demographics change and
taxpayers become increasingly budget aware. As a result, schools
include fund raising resources in their planning for programs.
Tiny Treasures
Written by: Jodi Goldberg |
Distributed: 2008-05-22 |
Word Count: 719 |
Page Views: 3039
| Votes: 6 |
Rating: 3.17
Jewelry is a delightfully appealing way to mark a moment in time
with your child.
Buying Pearl Jewelry: The Man's Guide To Buying Pearl Jewelry For The Woman Of Your Dreams
Written by: Amanda Raab |
Distributed: 2007-06-18 |
Word Count: 753 |
Page Views: 2330
| Votes: 10 |
Rating: 3.10
Buying pearl jewelry for your wife or girlfriend is one of the
most thoughtful, meaningful and romantic gestures you can ever
make, Few items can express your lasting love and devotion like a
special ring, necklace, bracelet or pair of ear rings made from
pearls. The magic, mystique and enduring appeal of pearl jewelry
make it a natural gift for special occasions and milestones in
your loved one's life.
Taguabella Beautiful Fair Trade Jewellery
Written by: Linda Garrould |
Distributed: 2009-03-03 |
Word Count: 267 |
Page Views: 3890
| Votes: 44 |
Rating: 3.05
This article introduces the Beautiful new Fair Trade Jewellery
range from Taguabella.
Lindsay Lohan's Color Sense
Written by: Wesley Berry, AAF |
Distributed: 2008-03-27 |
Word Count: 400 |
Page Views: 4698
| Votes: 10 |
Rating: 3.00
Young movie starlet Lindsay Lohan has recently begun to be
noticed for her fashion sense, including her oft-changing hair
color. The use of color is certainly important in the fashion
industry, but there's another industry where it's perhaps even
more important-the floral industry.
Tea: Ordering Green Tea Online
Written by: Jon M. Stout |
Distributed: 2007-06-05 |
Word Count: 890 |
Page Views: 5792
| Votes: 8 |
Rating: 3.00
If you've started to become a green tea enthusiast, no doubt
you've realized that there are an overwhelming number of green
teas from which to choose. Just the number of green teas
varieties in China are too many to list. You may have an interest
in trying them all – but that will take you quite a while!
Get Peace Of Mind With These 10 Questions For Your Jeweler
Written by: Marc Choyt |
Distributed: 2007-09-06 |
Word Count: 1039 |
Page Views: 3843
| Votes: 9 |
Rating: 3.00
Many consumers want to purchase ethically sourced jewelry yet
they do not know enough about this emerging product category to
even begin to talk to their jewelry. This article provides
knowledge and the right questions to empower the consumer
interested in purchasing social responsible jewelry.
Why Sterling Silver Jewelry?
Written by: Robert Vayner |
Distributed: 2007-09-24 |
Word Count: 641 |
Page Views: 8352
| Votes: 6 |
Rating: 3.00
Silver jewelry speaks to your soul. Silver jewelry shines.
Silver is cool, inviting and has been molded into jewelry pieces
for centuries. Sterling silver accentuates your clothing,
especially when worn with black or other dark colors. And best of
all, it's affordable!
How I Sold My Car Using Live Chat
Written by: Alexia Corzine |
Distributed: 2008-12-18 |
Word Count: 585 |
Page Views: 2383
| Votes: 7 |
Rating: 3.00
If you are looking to sell a car but don't want to deal with the
strangers calling, stuck in a lease or payments and need to sell?
I found a quick and easy way to sell my car and still get the
best price for it.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Article Reprint Rights
|
This work is
licensed under a
Creative Commons
License
You are not required to show the creative commons license notice when you reprint this work.
|
|
Article Statistics
|
Word Count: 1050
Total Views: 3896
Article Rating: 2.35 of 5
Votes Cast: 20
More Articles By Author:
Articles On This Website
Last Distribution Date:
2009-08-13 10:00:00
Internal ID: #6924
|
|
|
Home